Ukuthuthukiswa kanye Trend Technical Of Ceramic Ufaka Materials
Ukuthuthukiswa kanye mkhuba wezobuchwepheshe of Ceramic blade materials
Ekwenziweni komshini, ithuluzi belilokhu libizwa ngokuthi "amazinyo enziwe yizimboni", futhi ukusebenza kokusika kwezinto zamathuluzi kungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezinquma ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, izindleko zokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yokucubungula. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha okulungile kwezinto zamathuluzi okusika Okubalulekile, imimese ye-ceramic, enokumelana nokushisa kwayo okuhle kakhulu, ukumelana nokugqoka kanye nokuzinza kwamakhemikhali, ibonisa izinzuzo amathuluzi endabuko angenakuqhathaniswa nawo emkhakheni wokusika nokusika okunzima -izinto zomshini, kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zemimese ye-ceramic yi-Al no-Si. Okucebile okungaphakathi koqweqwe lomhlaba kungashiwo njengokungapheli futhi akupheli. Ngakho-ke, ithemba lokusetshenziswa kwamathuluzi amasha e-ceramic libanzi kakhulu.
Okokuqala, uhlobo lwamathuluzi e-ceramic
Inqubekelaphambili yezinto zamathuluzi e-ceramic igxile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kwezinto ze-ceramic zamathuluzi endabuko, ukucwenga okusanhlamvu, ukuhlanganiswa kwengxenye, ukumboza, ukuthuthukisa inqubo ye-sintering nokuthuthukisa imikhiqizo emisha, ukuze kutholwe ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka nokumelana. Ukusebenza kwe-chipping okuhle kakhulu futhi kungahlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba kwemishini enesivinini esikhulu. I-Henan Institute of Superhard Materials ingahlukanisa cishe izinto zamathuluzi e-ceramic zibe izigaba ezintathu: i-alumina, i-silicon nitride ne-boron nitride (amathuluzi e-cubic boron nitride). Emkhakheni wokusika insimbi, izindwani ze-alumina ceramic nama-silicon nitride ceramic blades abizwa ngokuhlanganyela ngokuthi ama-ceramic blades; ezintweni ezingezona ezensimbi ezingaphili, izinto zokwakha ze-cubic boron nitride ziyingxenye enkulu yezinto zobumba. Okulandelayo yizici zezinhlobo ezintathu zezitsha zobumba.
(1) I-ceramic esekelwe ku-alumina (Al2O3): I-Ni, Co, W, noma okunye okunjalo kwengezwa njengensimbi yokuhlanganisa ku-ceramic esekelwe ku-carbide, futhi amandla okubopha phakathi kwe-alumina ne-carbide angathuthukiswa. Inokumelana nokugqoka okuhle nokumelana nokushisa, futhi ukuzinza kwayo kwamakhemikhali okushisa okuphezulu akulula ukuhlangana noma ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngensimbi. Ngakho-ke, abasiki be-ceramic base-alumina banebanga lesicelo elibanzi kakhulu, elifanele insimbi nensimbi ekhonjiwe. High-speed machining ama-alloys ayo; ngenxa yokumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo okuthuthukisiwe, ingabuye isetshenziselwe ukugaya noma ukuhlela ngaphansi kwezimo zokusika eziphazamisekile, kodwa ayifanele ukucubungula ama-alloys e-aluminium, ama-titanium alloys nama-niobium alloys, ngaphandle kwalokho ijwayele ukugqokwa kwamakhemikhali.
(2) Isisiki se-ceramic esisekelwe ku-silicon nitride (Si3N4): Kuyi-ceramic eyenziwe ngokwengeza inani elifanelekile le-carbide yensimbi kanye ne-ejenti yokuqinisa insimbi ku-silicon nitride matrix, nokusebenzisa umphumela oqinisayo oyinhlanganisela (obuye ubizwe ngokuthi ukusabalalisa). umphumela wokuqinisa). Ibonakala ngobulukhuni obuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqoka okuhle, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle nokumelana ne-oxidation, futhi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwe-silicon nitride ne-carbon kanye nezakhi zensimbi kuncane, futhi isici sokungqubuzana siphansi. Ifanele ukuqeda, ukuqeda kancane, ukuqeda noma ukuqeda kancane.
(3) I-Boron nitride ceramic (i-cubic boron nitride cutter): ubulukhuni obuphezulu, ukumelana nokugqokwa, ukumelana nokushisa okuhle, ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa, ukuguquguquka okuhle kwe-thermal, i-coefficient ephansi yokungqubuzana, kanye ne-coefficient encane yokunwetshwa komugqa. Isibonelo, ithuluzi le-Hualing cubic boron nitride Ibanga le-BN-S20 lisetshenziselwa insimbi eqinile eqinile, ibanga le-BN-H10 lisetshenziselwa ukuqeda insimbi eqinile eqinile, ibanga le-BN-K1 licutshungulwa ubulukhuni obuphezulu bensimbi, i-BN-S30 ibanga lokusika isivinini esikhulu. Umlotha I-cast iron iyonga kakhulu kunokufakwa kwe-ceramic.
Okwesibili, izici zamathuluzi e-ceramic
Izici zamathuluzi e-ceramic: (1) ukumelana okuhle kokugqoka; (2) ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, ubulukhuni obuhle obubomvu; (3) ukuqina kwamathuluzi kuphindwe izikhathi eziningana noma izikhathi eziningana kunamathuluzi endabuko, kunciphisa inani lezinguquko zamathuluzi ngesikhathi sokucubungula, kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Small taper kanyeukunemba okuphezulu kwe-workpiece ezokwenziwa ngomshini; (4) ngeke nje isetshenziselwe ukugoqa nokuqeda izinto ezinobulukhuni obuphezulu, kodwa futhi nokwenza imishini enomthelela omkhulu njengokugaya, ukuhlela, ukusika okuphazamisekile kanye nokugwaza okungenalutho; (5) Lapho i-ceramic blade inqunywa, ukungqubuzana ngensimbi kuncane, ukusika akulula ukuhlanganiswa ne-blade, umkhawulo owakhiwe akulula ukwenzeka, futhi ukusika ngesivinini esiphezulu kungenziwa.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokufaka i-carbide enosimende, ukufakwa kwe-ceramic kungakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kwe-2000 ° C, kuyilapho ama-alloys aqinile athambile ku-800 ° C; ngakho-ke amathuluzi e-ceramic anezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuzinza kwamakhemikhali futhi angasikwa ngesivinini esikhulu, kodwa okungalungile ukufakwa kwe-ceramic. Amandla nokuqina kuphansi futhi kulula ukuphuka. Kamuva, i-boron nitride ceramics (ngemuva kwalokhu ebizwa ngokuthi amathuluzi e-cubic boron nitride) yethulwa, esetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuguqula, ukugaya, kanye nezinto eziyisicefe eziqinile. Ukuqina kwe-cubic boron nitride cutters kuphakeme kakhulu kunokufakwa kwe-ceramic. Ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphezulu, ibizwa nangokuthi i-superhard material enedayimane. Ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukucubungula izinto ezinobunzima obungaphezu kwe-HRC48. Inokuqina okuhle kakhulu kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu - kufika ku-2000 ° C, nakuba I-brittle ngaphezu kwama-carbide blades, kodwa ithuthukise kakhulu amandla omthelela nokumelana nokuchoboza uma kuqhathaniswa namathuluzi e-alumina ceramic. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amathuluzi akhethekile ayi-cubic boron nitride (afana ne-Huachao Super Hard BN-K1 kanye ne-BN-S20) angakwazi ukumelana nomthwalo we-chip wokusebenza kanzima futhi angamelana nomthelela wokwenza imishini nokuqeda ngezikhathi ezithile. Ukushisa kokugqoka nokusika, lezi zici zingahlangabezana nokucutshungulwa okunzima kwensimbi eqinile kanye nobulukhuni obuphezulu bensimbi enamathuluzi e-cubic boron nitride.
